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Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Dr. NNEKA ONYIA, Anxiety Psychiatrist, explains Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).

What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Dr.  NNEKA ONYIA, Anxiety Psychiatrist, explains  what GAD is.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder is a condition characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about various aspects of daily life. Unlike normal worries that come and go, individuals with GAD experience persistent anxiety that interferes with their ability to focus, relax, or function. Common symptoms include:

  • Constant restlessness or feeling “on edge”
  • Fatigue or difficulty concentrating
  • Persistent muscle tension
  • Irritability
  • Sleep disturbances (difficulty falling or staying asleep)

GAD affects both children and adults and may occur alongside other mental health conditions, such as depression or social anxiety.

What Causes GAD?

GAD can result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Individuals with a family history of anxiety or trauma may have a higher risk of developing GAD. Imbalances in brain chemistry, particularly involving neurotransmitters like serotonin, also play a role.

How is GAD Diagnosed?

Diagnosing GAD involves a thorough evaluation by a mental health professional. The process typically includes:
• A detailed discussion of symptoms and medical history.
• Psychological assessments or questionnaires.
• Rule out of medical conditions like hyperthyroidism, which can mimic anxiety symptoms.

How is GAD Treated?

Treatment for GAD usually involves a combination of therapies:
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns.
• Medication: Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs) or anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms.
• Lifestyle Changes: Incorporating relaxation techniques, regular exercise, and a balanced diet can significantly reduce anxiety

What Happens if GAD is Not Treated?

Untreated GAD can lead to serious complications, including:
• Chronic physical health problems like high blood pressure.
• Social withdrawal or strained relationships.
• Increased risk of depression or substance use disorders.

Do Children Get GAD?

Yes, children can also develop GAD. They may exhibit symptoms like excessive worrying about school, friendships, or family issues. Early intervention is crucial to prevent the condition from worsening as they grow.

GAD By The Numbers...

• GAD affects approximately 6.8 million adults in the United States annually.
• Women are twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with GAD.
• Nearly half of those with GAD also experience another mental health condition, such as depression.

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